A re ke re hlahlobeng melemo le go tlhoka mesola ea e 'ngoe le e 'ngoe ea mabone ana mona.
1.Mabone a incandescent
Mabone a incandescent a boetse a bitsoa mabone a khanyang.E sebetsa ka ho hlahisa mocheso ha motlakase o feta ka filament.Ha mocheso oa filament o phahame, khanya e ntša le ho feta.E bitsoa lebone la incandescent.
Ha lebone la incandescent le hlahisa leseli, matla a mangata a motlakase a fetoloa matla a mocheso, 'me ke chelete e nyenyane feela e ka fetoloang matla a leseli a sebetsang.
Leseli le hlahisoang ke mabone a incandescent ke leseli le nang le mebala e felletseng, empa karo-karolelano ea leseli le leng le le leng la mebala e khethoa ke lisebelisoa tsa luminescent (tungsten) le mocheso.
Bophelo ba lebone la incandescent bo amana le mocheso oa filament, hobane ha mocheso o le holimo, ho nolofala ha filament ho tla fokotseha.Ha terata ea tungsten e fokotsehile ho ea ho e batlang e le tšesaane, ho bonolo ho chesa ka mor'a ho matlafatsoa, kahoo e felisa bophelo ba lebone.Ka hona, matla a lebone la incandescent a phahame, a khutsufatsa nako ea bophelo.
Mefokolo: Har'a lisebelisoa tsohle tsa mabone tse sebelisang motlakase, mabone a incandescent ha a sebetse hantle.Karolo e nyenyane feela ea matla a motlakase ao e a sebelisang e ka fetoloa matla a bobebe, 'me a mang kaofela a lahleheloa ke matla a mocheso.Ha e le nako ea mabone, nako ea bophelo ea mabone a joalo hangata ha e fete lihora tse 1000.
2. mabone a fluorescent
Tsela eo e sebetsang ka eona: Tube ea fluorescent e mpa feela e le tube e koetsoeng ea ho ntša khase.
Tube ea fluorescent e itšetlehile ka liathomo tsa mercury tsa lebone la lebone ho lokolla mahlaseli a ultraviolet ka mokhoa oa ho tsoa ha khase.Hoo e ka bang 60% ea tšebeliso ea motlakase e ka fetoloa leseli la UV.Matla a mang a fetoloa matla a mocheso.
Ntho ea fluorescent e karolong e ka hare ea tube ea fluorescent e monya mahlaseli a ultraviolet mme e ntša leseli le bonahalang.Lintho tse fapaneng tsa fluorescent li hlahisa khanya e fapaneng e bonahalang.
Ka kakaretso, katleho ea phetoho ea leseli la ultraviolet ho khanya e bonahalang e ka ba 40%.Ka hona, katleho ea lebone la fluorescent ke hoo e ka bang 60% x 40% = 24%.
Go tlhoka mesola: The go tlhoka mesola yamabone a fluorescentke hore ts'ebetso ea tlhahiso le tšilafalo ea tikoloho ka mor'a hore li felisoe, haholo-holo tšilafalo ea mercury, ha li boloke tikoloho.Ka ntlafatso ea ts'ebetso, tšilafalo ea motsoako o fokotseha butle-butle.
3. mabone a bolokang matla
Mabone a bolokang matla, e tsejoang hape e le mabone a compact fluorescent (a khutsufalitsoeng joalo kaMabone a CFLkantle ho naha), e na le melemo ea khanya e phahameng (makhetlo a 5 ho feta ea li-bulbs tse tloaelehileng), phello e hlakileng ea ho boloka matla, le bophelo bo bolelele (makhetlo a 8 ho feta a bulbs a tloaelehileng).E nyane ebile e bonolo ho e sebelisa.E sebetsa ka mokhoa o ts'oanang le lebone la fluorescent.
Mathata: Mahlaseli a motlakase a mabone a bolokang matla a boetse a tsoa ho karabelo ea ionization ea lielektrone le khase ea mercury.Ka nako e ts'oanang, mabone a pholosang matla a hloka ho eketsa phosphors e sa tloaelehang ea lefats'e.Ka lebaka la radioactivity ea li-phosphors tse sa tloaelehang tsa lefats'e, mabone a bolokang matla a tla boela a hlahise mahlaseli a ionizing.Ha ho bapisoa le ho se kholisehe ha mahlaseli a motlakase, kotsi ea mahlaseli a feteletseng 'meleng oa motho e tšoanela ho eloa hloko.
Ho phaella moo, ka lebaka la ho fokotsa molao-motheo oa ho sebetsa oa mabone a pholosang matla, mercury ka har'a tube ea lebone e tlameha ho ba mohloli o ka sehloohong oa tšilafalo.
4.Mabone a LED
LED (Light Emitting Diode), light-emitting diode, ke sesebelisoa se tiileng sa semiconductor se ka fetolang matla a motlakase ho khanya e bonahalang, e ka fetolang motlakase ka ho toba leseli.Pelo ea LED ke chip ea semiconductor, ntlha e 'ngoe ea chip e khomaretsoe ka har'a bracket, ntlha e' ngoe ke electrode e mpe, 'me e' ngoe e hokahane le electrode e ntle ea phepelo ea matla, e le hore chip eohle e kenngoe. ka epoxy resin.
Sekahare sa semiconductor se na le likarolo tse peli, karolo e le 'ngoe ke semiconductor ea mofuta oa P, eo likoti li laolang,' me qetellong e 'ngoe ke semiconductor ea mofuta oa N, moo lielektrone li leng teng haholo.Empa ha li-semiconductors tse peli li hokahane, ho etsoa pokano ea PN lipakeng tsa tsona.Ha lisebelisoa tsa morao-rao li sebetsa ka har'a terata, lielektrone li tla sutumelletsoa sebakeng sa P, moo lielektrone le masoba li kopanang hape, ebe li ntša matla ka mokhoa oa photon, e leng molao-motheo oa tlhahiso ea leseli la LED.Bolelele ba maqhubu a khanya, boo hape e leng 'mala oa khanya, bo khethoa ke thepa e etsang mokoloko oa PN.
Mathata: Mabone a LED a theko e boima ho feta lisebelisoa tse ling tsa mabone.
Ka bokhutšoanyane, mabone a LED a na le melemo e mengata ho feta mabone a mang, 'me mabone a LED a tla fetoha mabone a tloaelehileng nakong e tlang.